Bare Minimum Vim

Because you just can't seem to avoid using it.

Bare Minimum Vim
v,V - visual mode, visual-line mode (hit ESC to exit)
n__ - prefix a command with a number to repeat 'n' times
E.g., 5dd deletes 5 lines

Write & Quit = Save & Exit
! - generally causes a command to ignore changes--see :q!
:w - write the file without exit
:w [filename] - saves to new filename, stays in current buffer
:w! [filename] - overwrites if filename exists
:wq - write and quit
:q - quit (fails if there are unsaved changes)
:q! - quit and throw away changes

Navigation
NOTE: lower case treats punctuation as word break
[n]G - go to line "n", end of file if n omitted
e,E - jump ahead to end of word
b,B - jump back to beginning of word
w,W - jump ahead to start of word
0,$ - jump to start(0) or end($) of line

Edits
r - replace character under cursor
x - delete character under cursor (places in clipboard)
dd, dw - delete a line, word
J - Join line below to current line
. - dot repeats last change
u - undo last change
e! - discard changes to last write

Insert Mode
i,I - start insert mode at i=cursor, I=start of line
a,A - start insert mode after a=cursor, A=end of line
Esc - exit insert mode

Yank & Pull = Cut & Paste
yy,yw - yank a line, word
y$ - yank to end of line
p, P - put the clipboard after, before cursor

Find & Replace
/ptrn - search forward for pattern, wraps by default
?ptrn - search backward for pattern
n,N - repeat in same(n), opposite(N) direction
%s/o/n/gc, g
- global replace old with new with or without confirm

Splitting windows
Note: Ctrl+w, then the command
^w s - Split window horizontally
^w v - Split window vertically
^w w - switch between windows
^w q - Quit a window

Combo commands
ea - jump to end of word, then start insert mode after cursor
xp - delete then paste (transposes characters)
:wq - write then quit

Sightly beyond bare minimum
:e - re-edit current file--e.g, if it has changed on disk
:e [file] - edit [file] in new buffer
ZZ = :wq
ZQ = :q!
d[move] - delete in direction of arrow movement
D - delete to end of line
R - Replace mode, instead of insert
~ - Switch case of character under cursor
:r [file] - read file, inserting under cursor
h,j,k,l - Navigate right, down, up, left
()[]{} - Navigate by sentence, paragraph, section
E.g. '(' moves 1 sentence backwards, ')' moves forward

Some other useful references
http://www.worldtimzone.com/res/vi.html
http://www.fprintf.net/vimCheatSheet.html
http://jmcpherson.org/editing.html -- Good place to start if you want to know more, written by somebody who appreciates vim.